48 Hours in Machu Picchu: A Complete Guide to Exploring the Lost City of the Incas
There are few places in the world that truly live up to their legendary status—Machu Picchu is one of them. Hidden high in the misty Andes of Peru, this ancient Inca citadel stirs the soul long before you set foot on its terraced slopes. Whether you arrive after days of trekking or by train through the lush Sacred Valley, the first glimpse of those stone ruins perched between jungle-covered peaks is nothing short of spine-tingling.
Built in the 15th century and abandoned just a century later, Machu Picchu remained largely unknown to the outside world until 1911. Today, it stands as one of the most iconic archaeological sites on the planet—recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and celebrated as one of the New Seven Wonders of the World. But beyond the postcard views and ancient stones lies a deeply atmospheric site: spiritual, sacred, and spectacular.
This guide is your two-day deep dive into Machu Picchu and its surrounding wonders. From hiking routes and historical highlights to tips on tickets, sunrise entries, and what to pack, we’ve got everything you need to plan the perfect visit—whether you’re chasing history, adventure, or just a chance to stand in awe of one of humankind’s greatest achievements.
A Brief History of Machu Picchu
Shrouded in mist and mystery, Machu Picchu is one of the most impressive and enigmatic legacies of the Inca Empire. Perched at 2,430 metres above sea level, it was built around the mid-1400s, during the reign of the Inca emperor Pachacuti, and is thought to have served as a royal retreat, ceremonial site, or even an elite agricultural lab—though its true purpose remains debated.
What makes Machu Picchu so extraordinary is not just its dramatic location or perfectly carved stones, but the fact that it remained hidden from Spanish colonisers. Unlike many other Inca cities, it was never destroyed or repurposed by European forces, allowing it to remain remarkably intact.
The site was brought to international attention in 1911 by Hiram Bingham, a Yale historian and explorer. Guided by locals through thick jungle and ancient paths, Bingham’s discovery sparked global fascination. Though local Quechua people had always known of its existence, it wasn’t until this expedition that Machu Picchu was mapped, photographed, and introduced to the wider world.
Today, archaeologists have uncovered over 150 structures, including temples, terraces, residential zones, and astronomical observatories—all ingeniously built without mortar, using a technique called ashlar, where stones are cut to fit so precisely that even a blade can’t pass between them.
Beyond the engineering, Machu Picchu tells the story of a deeply spiritual civilisation, aligned with the movements of the sun, moon, and stars, and intricately connected to the mountains and nature that surrounded it.
How to Get to Machu Picchu
Getting to Machu Picchu is an adventure in itself—whether you're trekking ancient Inca trails or gliding through the Sacred Valley by train, the journey is all part of the magic.
Reaching Aguas Calientes (Machu Picchu Pueblo)
The gateway to Machu Picchu is the small town of Aguas Calientes, also known as Machu Picchu Pueblo. Tucked into the base of the mountains, it’s accessible only by train or on foot—there are no roads leading in or out.
The two most common routes:
By Train (Most Popular):
If you're not hiking, the easiest and most scenic way to reach Aguas Calientes is by train. Services run daily from Cusco and Ollantaytambo, operated by:
PeruRail – Budget to luxury options (including the glass-domed Vistadome and the opulent Hiram Bingham train).
Inca Rail – A comfortable and slightly more boutique option with flexible timings.
Most travellers take the train from Ollantaytambo (a 1.5–2 hour ride), which is quicker than departing from Cusco. Expect to pay around £50–£120 (€60–€140) depending on train class and timing. Tickets sell out quickly in high season, so book ahead.
By Foot (For Trekkers):
If you’re hiking, you’ll arrive at Machu Picchu either by:
Inca Trail (4 days) – The most famous route, ending at the iconic Sun Gate.
Salkantay Trek (5 days) – A tougher, more scenic alternative through cloud forest and glacier valleys.
Lares Trek (3–4 days) – A quieter cultural trek through traditional Andean villages.
Inca Jungle Trek (4 days) – A mashup of biking, hiking, and adventure sports.
Each of these ends either directly at Machu Picchu or in Aguas Calientes, with a night’s rest before your visit.
From Aguas Calientes to Machu Picchu
Once in town, there are two main ways to reach the ruins themselves:
By Bus: Frequent shuttle buses run from 5:30am onwards, zigzagging up the steep mountainside in about 25–30 minutes. Tickets are around £19 (€22) round trip and can be bought at the station or online.
By Foot: For those up for a steep start, you can hike the stairs from Aguas Calientes to the entrance. It takes about 1.5 to 2 hours, ascending through humid forest and stone steps.
Day 1: Arrival and Exploring Aguas Calientes
After a winding train ride or rewarding trek, you’ll arrive in Aguas Calientes—a jungle-flanked town cradled by sheer cliffs and the churning Urubamba River. It may be small, but it’s brimming with energy, fuelled by hikers swapping stories, locals selling handmade crafts, and the ever-present excitement of being on the doorstep of one of the world’s great wonders.
Settle In and Get Acclimatised
Altitude here is lower than Cusco—around 2,040m—so it’s a good place to catch your breath before ascending to Machu Picchu. Most travellers arrive in the afternoon or evening, making it the perfect time to check in, wander, and rest up for an early start the next day.
World Locals tip: book a room with mountain views or a riverside balcony if possible—it adds a lot to the experience.
Things to Do in Aguas Calientes
Relax in the Hot Springs:
The town’s name literally means “hot waters,” and you’ll find the natural thermal baths a 10-minute walk from the centre. Basic but soothing, especially if you’ve just finished a multi-day trek.
Explore the Market:
Head to the artesanía market by the train station for alpaca wool scarves, Andean jewellery, and local snacks. Prices are negotiable, but friendly conversation goes a long way.
Dine by the River:
Restaurants along the riverbank serve everything from Peruvian staples like lomo saltado and trout ceviche to wood-fired pizzas and pisco sours. Indio Feliz is a traveller favourite for its quirky décor and hearty fusion food.
Final Prep for Tomorrow:
Pick up your bus ticket (if you haven’t already), lay out your gear, and double-check your Machu Picchu entry time. It’s worth setting multiple alarms—sunrise here is not to be missed.
Day 2: Visiting Machu Picchu – Sunrise to Afternoon
Today’s the day. Whether you’ve dreamt of this moment for years or just decided to visit on a whim, your first sight of Machu Picchu in the morning light is something you’ll never forget. Mist swirling around ancient stones, jagged peaks piercing the clouds—it’s as mystical as it is monumental.
Start Early for Sunrise Magic
To catch the sunrise over Machu Picchu, aim to be on one of the first buses from Aguas Calientes, which depart around 5:30am. Lines begin forming well before that, so arrive early, especially during high season (June–August). The ride takes about 25 minutes, dropping you at the main gate.
Once inside, take a moment at the Guardian’s Hut—this is the classic viewpoint you’ve seen in every travel magazine. Arrive early enough and you might see the site slowly emerge from the fog, bathed in golden light. It’s pure magic.
Exploring the Site
Machu Picchu is divided into two main sectors—agricultural and urban—linked by a network of terraces, stairways, plazas, and temples. Here are the key highlights to explore:
Temple of the Sun: A masterclass in Incan stonework, aligned with solstices and sunrise points.
Room of the Three Windows: Thought to represent the three Inca worlds—sky, earth, and underworld.
Sacred Plaza: A spiritual and ceremonial heart of the site.
Intihuatana Stone: A carved pillar believed to have served astronomical purposes.
Temple of the Condor: Features a stone sculpture resembling a condor in flight.
Royal Tomb and Palace: Once thought to be burial sites for nobility or high priests.
Allow 3–4 hours to explore the core ruins at a relaxed pace.
Optional Hikes Inside the Site
If you’ve booked one of the add-on hikes (separate ticket required), make time for:
Huayna Picchu: The dramatic peak rising behind Machu Picchu in most photos. It’s steep and narrow but rewards climbers with a bird’s-eye view. Takes 2–2.5 hours return.
Machu Picchu Mountain (Montaña): A higher, less trafficked route offering sweeping views over the ruins and valley. Takes about 3 hours return.
Sun Gate (Inti Punku): If you didn’t hike the Inca Trail, this is your chance to see the famed entry point. A moderate climb (1.5–2 hours return) with a great panoramic payoff.
Inca Bridge: A short, less crowded walk to a secretive part of the site, once used as a hidden access route.
World Locals tip: Entry is strictly timed—you must enter during your designated window and stick to your assigned route. The site is divided into four circuits, and free exploration is no longer permitted, so review the circuit map when booking.
Heading Back
After your visit, most travellers return to Aguas Calientes for lunch and then board an afternoon or evening train back to Ollantaytambo or Cusco. It’s a long day, but one filled with history, wonder, and jaw-dropping scenery.
Tickets, Entry Times and What to Know Before You Go
Visiting Machu Picchu isn’t as simple as just showing up — tickets must be booked in advance, entry times are tightly regulated, and the rules change frequently. But don’t worry — here’s exactly what you need to know.
Booking Your Tickets
There are four main ticket types, and they sell out fast (especially Huayna Picchu). You can buy tickets through the official government website https://www.machupicchu.gob.pe/ or via certified tour agencies.
Circuit 1, 2, 3 or 4 (General Entry): These routes determine where you can walk inside the site. Circuit 2 is the most complete and scenic.
Machu Picchu + Huayna Picchu: Includes access to the core ruins + hike up Huayna Picchu. Strictly limited to 400 people per day, split into time slots.
Machu Picchu + Montaña (Machu Picchu Mountain): A less crowded but longer hike, also ticketed separately.
Machu Picchu + Huchuy Picchu: A short, relatively easy hike with views, part of the site’s ongoing crowd distribution strategy.
Prices (approx):
General entry: £40 (€47)
With Huayna Picchu: £55–£65 (€65–€75)
With Montaña or Huchuy Picchu: £50–£60 (€58–€70)
Book 2–3 months in advance for peak season (May–September), and at least a few weeks ahead for shoulder months.
Entry Times and Time Limits
Your ticket includes a designated entry time. There’s no re-entry allowed, and visitors must enter within an hour of their slot.
Morning slots begin at 6:00am, every hour until 2:00pm
Last entry allowed is 2:00pm, with exit required by 5:30pm
Add-on hikes (e.g. Huayna Picchu) have their own fixed time windows
You’ll need to show your passport at the entrance — make sure the name matches your ticket exactly.
Do You Need a Guide?
A guide is not mandatory for individual travellers, but highly recommended for first-timers. Tours can be booked in Aguas Calientes or online, ranging from £15–£30 (€18–€35) per person for a small group.
Guides are especially helpful for navigating the structured circuit system and pointing out historical details you’d otherwise miss.
What to Bring Inside
Passport – required for entry
Printed or digital ticket
Small daypack (no larger than 20L)
Reusable water bottle
Snacks – food isn’t allowed inside but often tolerated if discreet
Camera or phone
Sun protection – hat, SPF, sunglasses
Rain jacket – the weather can shift fast
Walking poles are allowed only with rubber tips, and drones are strictly prohibited.
Where to Stay in Aguas Calientes
Though small and often viewed as just a stopover, Aguas Calientes has a surprisingly broad range of places to stay—from riverside hideaways to cosy backpacker spots. Since you’ll likely arrive the day before your Machu Picchu visit, location, comfort, and an early breakfast offering are key.
Here are a few World Locals-approved options, all confirmed as currently open and operating:
Budget-Friendly:
Supertramp Hostel
A vibrant, social hostel ideal for solo travellers or small groups. It offers dorms and private rooms, a communal bar, and warm Peruvian hospitality. Great location close to restaurants and the bus station.
Approx. £12–£20 (€14–€23) per night
Illary Inn
Clean, quiet, and friendly, with basic but reliable amenities and a top-notch location. Ideal for early risers who want something affordable but comfortable.
Approx. £25–£35 (€29–€41) per night
Mid-Range Comfort:
Tierra Viva Machu Picchu
Set on the river with peaceful mountain views, this boutique hotel balances comfort and character. Early breakfast, free luggage storage, and warm service make it a traveller favourite.
Approx. £65–£90 (€75–€105) per night
Casa Andina Standard
A well-run Peruvian chain with consistent service, comfortable rooms, and early check-in options. Great value for couples or families looking for reliability.
Approx. £60–£85 (€70–€100) per night
Treat Yourself:
Inkaterra Machu Picchu Pueblo Hotel
A lush, eco-luxury property nestled in a cloud forest garden. Stone paths, orchids, birdwatching, and fire-lit rooms offer a complete retreat from the crowds.
Approx. £280–£400 (€325–€470) per night
Sumaq Machu Picchu Hotel
One of the top-rated luxury hotels in town, with river views, a full spa, and fine Peruvian cuisine. Includes guided tours and cultural experiences as part of certain packages.
Approx. £240–£350 (€280–€410) per night
World Locals tip: Book your stay at least a month ahead during dry season (May–September), especially if you want early train access or quieter rooms. And always confirm breakfast hours—some hotels offer pre-dawn meals for Machu Picchu-goers.
What to Pack for Machu Picchu
Packing smart for Machu Picchu can make the difference between a comfortable, awe-filled day and one where you’re caught out by rain, altitude, or rules at the gate. Here’s what to bring for a stress-free visit.
Essentials
Passport – You’ll need it to enter the site. No exceptions.
Machu Picchu Ticket – Digital or printed copy. Make sure your name matches your ID.
Cash – Small soles for snacks, tips, and emergencies (many places don’t take cards).
Clothing
Layered clothing – Weather swings from chilly mornings to humid midday heat. A base layer, fleece or hoodie, and lightweight jacket work best.
Rain jacket or poncho – Sudden showers are common, even in the dry season.
Quick-dry trousers or leggings – Avoid jeans, which get heavy when wet.
Hat and sunglasses – For sun protection while exploring open areas.
Footwear
Comfortable walking shoes or hiking boots – Trainers are fine for the site itself, but go with grippy soles if you're planning to do any of the internal hikes (like Huayna Picchu or Sun Gate).
Daypack Must-Haves
Water bottle – Refillable only (no disposable plastics allowed).
Snacks – Energy bars or dried fruit; just be discreet as food isn’t technically permitted.
Sunscreen – The UV is stronger at high altitude, even on cloudy days.
Insect repellent – Especially important during the rainy season (Nov–March).
Camera or phone with plenty of storage – You’ll take more photos than you expect.
Portable charger – There are no power points on site.
Toilet paper or tissues – Restroom supplies can be minimal in town and nonexistent at the site entrance.
World Locals tip: Keep your daypack under 20L—large backpacks aren’t allowed inside, and there’s no on-site storage unless you arrange it in advance through your hotel.
Interesting Facts About Machu Picchu
Even if you’ve seen a thousand photos, there’s more to Machu Picchu than meets the eye. Here are some fascinating facts to impress your travel companions (or just win a pub quiz).
It was never found by the Spanish.
Unlike many other Inca sites, Machu Picchu was never discovered or destroyed during the Spanish conquest, which is why it remains so well-preserved today.
No wheels were used in its construction.
Despite the enormous stones used—some weighing over 50 tonnes—the Inca managed to build the site without the wheel, using ramps, logs, and manpower.
It’s earthquake-resistant.
The precision of Inca stonework means the buildings can shift slightly during earthquakes and then settle back into place without collapsing.
It was built without mortar.
Stones were cut and shaped so precisely using a technique called ashlar that they slot together perfectly—without any cement or binding material.
It has its own microclimate.
Thanks to its elevation and surrounding geography, Machu Picchu experiences constantly shifting weather—sunshine, mist, and rain often in the same hour.
The exact purpose is still unknown.
Historians still debate whether it was a royal estate, a sacred pilgrimage site, an agricultural test lab—or something else entirely.
Only a fraction of the site is visible.
Much of Machu Picchu remains unexcavated, hidden beneath dense jungle and moss-covered terraces. What we see today is just part of a much larger complex.
There’s a secret room beneath it.
Recent scans have revealed a hidden cavity beneath the Temple of the Sun—potentially an untouched burial chamber or ceremonial chamber.
You can get your passport stamped.
Just outside the main entrance, there’s a small desk where you can receive a special Machu Picchu stamp—a fun souvenir that’s completely free.
Final Recommendations for Visiting Machu Picchu
Before you tick off this Wonder of the World, here are a few final tips to make sure your visit is as smooth, rewarding, and respectful as possible.
Best Time to Visit
Dry season (May to September) is the most popular time to visit, offering clear skies and steady trails—though crowds are at their peak.
Shoulder months (April and October) offer a good balance: fewer tourists, pleasant weather, and lush scenery.
Wet season (November to March) sees fewer visitors and greener landscapes, but trekking conditions can be challenging, and rain is frequent.
Dealing with Altitude
While Machu Picchu itself isn’t as high as Cusco, altitude can still affect you. Drink water regularly, avoid alcohol the night before, and consider spending a couple of days acclimatising in the Sacred Valley before visiting.
Be a Responsible Visitor
Stick to marked paths and respect the circuit routes.
Don’t climb on walls, remove stones, or touch sensitive areas of the ruins.
Carry out all waste and avoid single-use plastics where possible.
Support local businesses, guides, and accommodations to help sustain the region’s communities.
Booking Checklist
✔ Entry ticket to Machu Picchu
✔ Train tickets or trek arranged
✔ Passport ready
✔ Accommodation booked in Aguas Calientes
✔ Add-on hike secured (Huayna Picchu/Montaña/Sun Gate)
✔ Early transport to the ruins confirmed
World Locals tip: Keep a printed and digital copy of all bookings. Wi-Fi is patchy in Aguas Calientes, and you’ll want backups just in case.
Machu Picchu is more than just a bucket-list tick—it’s a place that stirs something deeper. Whether you’re hiking through cloud forest, watching the sunrise from the Sun Gate, or tracing your fingers across stones carved centuries ago, this ancient citadel has a way of connecting travellers to the land, the past, and themselves.
In just 48 hours, you can experience the wonder of the Inca world, breathe in the high mountain air, and witness one of the most iconic vistas on the planet. But Machu Picchu isn’t just about the photo—it’s about the journey that gets you there, the stories whispered through stone, and the people who still call these mountains home.
So take your time. Respect the site. Soak in the silence. And when you finally stand in awe of that view, you’ll know the early mornings, steep steps, and careful planning were all more than worth it.
