How to Visit the Pyramids of Giza: Tips, History and What to Expect
Few places on earth match the sheer wonder of standing before the Pyramids of Giza. Towering above the golden sands just outside Cairo, these ancient monuments are the last remaining wonder of the original Seven and have captivated travellers for thousands of years. Whether you’re a history buff, a spiritual seeker, or simply ticking off your bucket list, visiting the Pyramids is an experience that leaves a lasting mark.
Built over 4,500 years ago during Egypt’s Old Kingdom, the three main pyramids—Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure—are feats of engineering still shrouded in mystery. How were these colossal structures built without modern machinery? What secrets still lie buried beneath their foundations? It’s no wonder the site is wrapped in myth, legend and fascination.
But beyond the awe, there’s the practical side too. Visiting the pyramids can be a dream—or a bit of a hustle—depending on how you plan it. From camel rides and hidden photo spots to navigating ticket types and avoiding scams, a little know-how goes a long way in making your experience unforgettable for all the right reasons.
This guide walks you through everything you need to know about exploring the Pyramids of Giza: from their rich history and what to expect on site, to travel tips, nearby sights, and insider advice to make the most of your day.
Ready to step back in time? Let’s go.
A Brief History of the Pyramids
Who Built Them and Why?
The Pyramids of Giza were built during Egypt’s Old Kingdom, around 2600 to 2500 BC, during a time when pharaohs were considered divine. These vast structures weren’t just extravagant tombs — they were gateways to the afterlife, designed to help the pharaoh ascend to the heavens and join the gods.
The Great Pyramid, built for Pharaoh Khufu (also known as Cheops), is the largest and oldest of the trio. It originally stood at 146 metres, though centuries of erosion have trimmed it slightly. Khufu’s son, Pharaoh Khafre, constructed the second pyramid — and the iconic Sphinx that guards the complex. The smallest pyramid belonged to Menkaure, Khafre’s successor, and is notable for its more refined scale and limestone casing.
What’s extraordinary is that these monuments were built without wheels, iron tools, or modern construction methods. Over two million limestone blocks, each weighing between 2 to 15 tonnes, were quarried, transported, and stacked with mind-boggling precision. Theories on how this was achieved range from ramps to lost ancient technologies, but no single explanation fully accounts for the feat.
The Three Main Pyramids
The Great Pyramid of Khufu: The only one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World still standing. Visitors can climb inside, though the chambers are narrow, hot, and not for the claustrophobic.
The Pyramid of Khafre: Slightly smaller, but appears taller due to being built on higher ground. It’s also the one still capped with some of its original smooth casing stones at the top.
The Pyramid of Menkaure: The most modest of the three, but no less fascinating. Its base was once surrounded by smaller pyramids believed to be for queens or family members.
Secrets and Theories
Despite being some of the most studied monuments on the planet, the pyramids still hold their secrets. No hieroglyphs inside. No definitive blueprints. Some Egyptologists argue that the Pyramids could have had ceremonial or astronomical functions beyond burial. Others speculate about lost knowledge or alien theories — though the truth likely lies in the incredible ingenuity and organisation of the ancient Egyptians.
Fun fact: The alignment of the Great Pyramid is nearly perfect with the cardinal points of the compass — more precise than even some modern buildings.
Where Are the Pyramids and How to Get There
Location and Proximity to Cairo
The Pyramids of Giza are located on the Giza Plateau, just 13 km (around 8 miles) southwest of central Cairo. Despite the ancient setting, they’re surprisingly close to the city’s urban sprawl — which means you could be sipping a mint tea in downtown Cairo and standing in the desert before the Great Pyramid in under an hour.
The site itself sits at the edge of the Sahara, where the city seems to end and the sand begins. You'll often see photos that make the area look remote and mystical — but in reality, there’s a Pizza Hut just across the road from the Sphinx. That mix of old world and new is part of what makes the experience so surreal.
Best Ways to Reach Giza
By Taxi or Uber
The easiest and most flexible way to reach the pyramids is by Uber. It’s widely used in Cairo and much cheaper than traditional taxis. Expect to pay around £4–£8 (€5–€9) each way, depending on traffic and your starting point. It also saves you the hassle of negotiating prices in Arabic or being taken on a “scenic” detour.
By Metro and Minibus
If you're feeling adventurous, you can take Cairo’s metro to Giza station, then hop on a microbus or local taxi to the pyramids. It’s the cheapest option but definitely less straightforward — and best tackled if you’re confident navigating local transport.
By Organised Tour
Day tours are a stress-free option and often include hotel pickup, a guide, entry fees, and additional stops like Saqqara or the Egyptian Museum. Group tours start from around £25–£40 (€30–€45), while private tours are a little more.
By Horse or Camel (the last mile)
You’ll often be offered a camel or horse ride for the final stretch into the desert. Some are overpriced or part of a hustle, but with a reputable handler, it can be a fun experience. Always agree on the price before getting on.
World Locals Tip: If you're taking a ride-share, set your drop-off pin at the Sphinx Entrance rather than just "Pyramids of Giza" — it’s the main gate and avoids confusion.
Pyramids of Giza, from above.
How to Visit the Pyramids of Giza
Opening Hours and Entry Fees
The Pyramids of Giza are open every day of the week, from 8am to 5pm in summer (April–September) and 8am to 4pm in winter (October–March). The last entry is usually one hour before closing, but you’ll want more than that to explore properly.
Current ticket prices (2025):
General entry to the Giza Plateau: £6 (€7)
Entry inside the Great Pyramid (Khufu): £18 (€21)
Entry inside Khafre or Menkaure: £5 (€6)
Photography permit (for tripods or professional cameras): £6 (€7)
You’ll find ticket booths at the Sphinx Gate (east side) and the Great Pyramid Gate (north side). If you want to avoid queues, booking online in advance via the Egyptian Ministry of Tourism website is the best bet. Keep small change handy — it’s not unusual for staff to say they don’t have any!
Best Time to Go
The earlier, the better.
Arriving at opening time means cooler temperatures, fewer touts, and the chance to wander in peace before the tour buses pull in. If you’re keen on photos without crowds, or you want to take in the magic of the desert silence, get there by 7:45am and be ready to move quickly through security.
Avoid the midday heat.
Even outside of summer, the plateau gets scorching by midday, with little to no shade. Plan to leave by 11:30am or aim for a late afternoon visit when the sun softens and casts golden light across the stones — especially photogenic around the Sphinx.
Best seasons:
Visit between October and April, when daytime temperatures range from 18–28°C. In summer, it can climb above 40°C with intense sun and heat radiating off the stone.
What’s Included in the Ticket
A general entry ticket grants access to:
The full Giza Plateau, including walking up to all three pyramids
The Sphinx and its viewing terrace
Free-roam access around the pyramid bases, plus surrounding tombs and satellite pyramids
However, entering inside any pyramid requires a separate ticket, as does visiting any museum exhibits like the (currently under renovation) Solar Boat Museum.
There are no guides included, so if you want context beyond the signage (which is minimal), consider hiring a licensed guide either at the entrance or via a reputable agency in advance. Most are multilingual and cost around £10–£20 (€12–€23) for an hour or two.
World Locals Tip: If you're short on time or want the full story behind the sights, downloading a self-guided audio tour app like VoiceMap can be a great alternative to a guide.
Camel Rides and Tourist Traps to Avoid
Camel rides can feel like a quintessential Giza experience — and in the right circumstances, they are. Trotting through the desert with the pyramids behind you is cinematic. But it’s also one of the most common areas where tourists get scammed or overcharged.
If you’d like a camel ride:
Negotiate clearly beforehand — ask for the total price, in Egyptian pounds, for the full duration
Clarify duration and distance — some rides are 5 minutes in a circle, others go into the dunes for proper views
Don’t pay until it’s over — and try to have exact change
Expect to tip — but don’t be bullied into overpaying
A fair price for a short photo-op ride is around £3–£5 (€4–€6). A longer 20–30 minute ride into the desert perimeter can be around £10–£15 (€12–€18).
Other common scams to be aware of:
“Take this as a gift!” (then demand money)
“Your ticket doesn’t include that” (double-check with official signage)
Unofficial guides who latch on and start narrating, then ask for tips
World Locals Tip: Stick with camel handlers operating inside the site rather than just outside the gates — they’re more likely to be registered and supervised by tourism authorities. If unsure, head toward the “Panoramic Viewpoint” area, where regulated rides are usually stationed.
What to Expect on Your Visit
Walking through the Giza Plateau feels like stepping into another world — one where sand, stone and sky dominate the landscape, and the scale of what you’re seeing doesn’t quite sink in until you’re standing right beside it. The complex is vast, often hot and dusty, but absolutely unforgettable. Here’s what your visit will actually look and feel like.
Walking Routes and Best Photo Spots
The site is loosely structured but easy to explore on foot. Most visitors enter through either the Sphinx Gate or the Great Pyramid Gate. If you’re short on time, stick to a loop between the three main pyramids and the Sphinx. If you’ve got a few hours to spare, you can also head into the sandy back reaches of the plateau for quieter viewpoints and wide-angle shots.
Top photo spots include:
The Panoramic Viewpoint (ask a local to point you there) — the best place to capture all three pyramids in one frame
The backside of the Great Pyramid, where there are fewer tourists and camels often roam freely
The Sphinx terrace, ideally shot in the late afternoon for glowing golden light
The side of Khafre’s pyramid, with some remaining casing stones that show what the pyramids originally looked like
World Locals Tip: If you want that classic “on a camel with the pyramids in the background” shot, head to the dunes behind the complex near the Panorama Point and negotiate with a handler for a 5–10 minute loop.
Inside the Pyramids: What It’s Like
Visiting the inside of a pyramid is a once-in-a-lifetime experience — but be prepared. It’s hot, cramped, and involves climbing through narrow passageways that slope steeply upwards. There’s no air circulation, so it can feel stifling even in winter.
The Great Pyramid (Khufu) offers the most extensive interior access, including the Grand Gallery and King’s Chamber. It’s awe-inspiring but not for the claustrophobic.
Khafre and Menkaure also allow limited access, with much shorter tunnels and chambers. Good options if you want the experience without the long climb.
There’s not much inside — the grandeur lies in the engineering itself rather than relics or decoration. Still, the experience of being inside a 4,500-year-old wonder is unforgettable.
World Locals Tip: If you're tall or have knee issues, brace yourself — you’ll be crouching or stooping most of the time. Bring water, take your time, and be respectful of the space — it’s a burial chamber, not a photo op.
Visiting the Sphinx
No visit to Giza is complete without meeting the Sphinx. This mythical lion-bodied, human-headed guardian was carved from a single slab of limestone and is believed to represent Pharaoh Khafre. Its nose famously went missing centuries ago — likely due to erosion or vandalism (not Napoleon’s troops, despite the myth).
The Sphinx sits in a walled enclosure and is best viewed from the elevated viewing platform just inside the eastern entrance. The Sphinx faces directly east, so you’ll get the best light and fewest shadows in the early morning.
While you can’t walk right up to it, you can get surprisingly close and snag great profile shots, especially from the platform’s corners.
World Locals Tip: Want the Sphinx “kissing” the pyramid in the background? Stand to the far right of the platform and use a zoom lens or portrait mode — it lines up perfectly.
Camels riding outside the Great Pyramids.
Extra Sites Nearby
If you’ve got a second day in Cairo or want to dig deeper into ancient Egypt, the surrounding areas are packed with lesser-known but equally impressive sites. These make brilliant additions to a Giza visit — especially for travellers keen on seeing where it all began.
The Solar Boat Museum (Currently Being Relocated)
Originally housed beside the Great Pyramid, the Solar Boat Museum showcased a full-sized cedarwood boat that was buried beside Khufu’s tomb — believed to carry the pharaoh’s soul to the afterlife. The 4,500-year-old vessel was discovered in perfect condition in 1954 and painstakingly reassembled.
Currently, the boat has been moved to the Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM) — the long-awaited mega-museum set to fully open in Giza. If open during your visit, it’s absolutely worth checking out for its state-of-the-art displays and close proximity to the pyramids.
World Locals Tip: Even if GEM isn’t fully open yet, its outdoor spaces and partial exhibits are occasionally accessible — check ahead online or ask locals near the pyramids for the latest.
Saqqara and the Step Pyramid
Roughly 30km south of Giza, Saqqara is where pyramid building began. The star here is the Step Pyramid of Djoser, designed by architect Imhotep around 2650 BC. It’s the world’s oldest stone pyramid — older than Giza by about a century.
Unlike the rigid perfection of the Giza pyramids, the Step Pyramid looks exactly as it sounds — a six-tiered, layered monument that feels straight out of Indiana Jones. The surrounding necropolis is vast and dotted with tombs, temples, and hidden chambers.
Saqqara is often far quieter than Giza, making it a great place to explore in peace and get a feel for early Egyptian innovation.
World Locals Tip: Hire a local guide on-site or read up before you go — there’s little signage, but the stories here are rich.
Dahshur: The Bent and Red Pyramids
Further south again lies Dahshur, home to two fascinating pyramids built by Pharaoh Sneferu — Khufu’s father. These lesser-visited gems are some of the most intriguing in Egypt.
The Bent Pyramid starts with steep sides that suddenly change angle halfway up — possibly due to structural instability or a change in plan mid-construction.
The Red Pyramid (named for its reddish hue) is Egypt’s first successful smooth-sided pyramid, and you can actually go inside — for free, with far fewer crowds.
Dahshur’s desert setting is serene and windswept, offering a real sense of scale and isolation you won’t get at Giza.
World Locals Tip: If you’re visiting both Saqqara and Dahshur, consider hiring a private driver for the day. Public transport is sparse, and having your own ride means you can go at your own pace — and maybe stop at a roadside falafel stand or two.
What to Bring and Wear
A visit to the Pyramids of Giza is not your average city stroll — between the desert sun, uneven ground and persistent touts, it pays to come prepared. Here’s what to wear and what to pack to make your visit as comfortable (and hassle-free) as possible.
Clothing Tips
Dress for heat and dust, not style. The terrain is sandy and exposed, with very little shade. Opt for breathable, loose-fitting clothes in light colours to reflect the sun and keep cool.
Lightweight trousers or long skirts: Great for sun protection and respectful of local culture.
Loose cotton or linen shirts: Sleeves help protect your skin from the sun and make you less of a magnet for sales pitches.
A wide-brimmed hat or cap: Essential for shielding your face and neck.
Sunglasses: The sun is intense and reflects off the pale stone — you’ll be squinting all day without them.
Sturdy walking shoes or trainers: You’ll be walking on sand, stone and uneven paths — sandals won’t cut it.
World Locals Tip: Skip anything white — it’ll be tan-coloured by the end of the day thanks to the fine desert dust. Earthy tones hide it best.
Essentials for the Day
Water, and lots of it: There are some vendors inside the site, but they can be overpriced and sporadic. Bring at least 1.5 litres per person.
Sunscreen: Apply before you go and bring some to top up. You’ll be in direct sun for most of the visit.
Tissues or wipes: Helpful for restrooms (which are basic at best) and dusty hands.
Snacks: Bring something light and energy-boosting — there’s nowhere on-site to sit for a meal.
Camera or smartphone: No drone use allowed, but photography (without a tripod) is permitted with a general ticket.
Small change in Egyptian pounds: Useful for tips, small purchases or buying bottled water.
Power bank: Between maps, audio tours and snapping photos, your battery will drain fast.
World Locals Tip: Pack light — security checks at the entrance can be slow, and there’s nowhere to store bulky bags. A daypack is all you need.
The Sphinx.
Local Tips and Fun Facts
Whether it’s knowing how to politely decline a persistent vendor or surprising your friends with a mind-blowing pyramid fact, these little extras can elevate your visit from basic to brilliant.
Bargaining Tips
Negotiation is a way of life in Egypt — especially around tourist hotspots like Giza. Prices for camel rides, souvenirs, or even bottled water can start wildly inflated.
Start at one-third of the quoted price — and be ready to walk away
Stay polite but firm — a smile goes further than frustration
Avoid “how much is this?” unless you’re genuinely interested
Don’t feel bad about saying no — it’s expected and part of the dance
World Locals Tip: Learn a couple of Arabic phrases. “La, shukran” (No, thank you) and “kam da?” (How much is this?) go a long way in showing respect and asserting control.
Egyptology Nuggets
The Great Pyramid of Khufu was the tallest man-made structure in the world for over 3,800 years — until Lincoln Cathedral in England stole the title in the 14th century.
Contrary to popular belief, the pyramids weren’t built by slaves, but by skilled labourers — likely paid and fed by the state.
The alignment of the Great Pyramid is astonishingly precise — just 3/60th of a degree off true north, making it more accurate than many modern buildings.
Ancient Egyptians believed the west bank of the Nile (where the sun sets) was the land of the dead — which is why Giza, like most tombs, is west of the river.
World Locals Tip: Want to impress your fellow travellers? Point out that the pyramids used to be covered in smooth white limestone, which reflected sunlight and made them shine like “mountains of light.”
What Most Tourists Miss
Tomb of Queen Khentkaus I: Near Menkaure’s pyramid, this small stepped structure often gets overlooked but offers fascinating insight into royal women’s roles in ancient Egypt.
Hidden trails behind the pyramids: You can escape the crowds and enjoy panoramic views with barely another soul around — especially in the late afternoon.
The Worker’s Village and Tombs: Recently opened excavations behind the plateau offer a look at where the labourers lived. It’s a powerful reminder that real people — not aliens — built these marvels.
World Locals Tip: If you hire a guide, ask them to take you to some of these lesser-known areas — they’re usually happy to do so, and it makes your experience feel more personal and exclusive.
Where to Eat and Stay Near Giza
After a dusty day of desert exploration, you’ll want somewhere nearby to unwind — preferably with a view of the pyramids and a solid plate of Egyptian comfort food. Whether you’re after rooftop dining or a budget-friendly guesthouse, Giza has you covered.
Best Local Eats Near the Pyramids
Felfela Giza
A long-time local favourite for classic Egyptian fare just a short drive from the site. Expect dishes like koshari (a lentil and pasta mix), grilled meats, falafel, and stuffed vine leaves — all served in a kitschy, garden-style setting.
9 Pyramids Lounge
For unbeatable pyramid views, this open-air café sits at the far end of the plateau near the panoramic viewpoint. Perfect for a post-tour coffee or fresh juice, and one of the only spots inside the complex where you can relax with a seat and a breeze.
El Dar Darak
Located a few streets away from the main entrance, this no-frills spot is popular with locals and tour guides alike. Great prices, massive portions, and a solid selection of grilled kofta, tahini, and warm flatbreads.
World Locals Tip: Stick to bottled water and avoid salads or raw veg unless you’re confident about the hygiene standards — stomach bugs are a common souvenir in Cairo.
Accommodation Options (All Verified Open)
Budget: Guardian Guest House
This simple but charming guesthouse sits right across from the Sphinx gate — and some rooms have views directly facing the pyramids. Basic but clean, with warm hospitality and great rooftop breakfasts.
Mid-range: Pyramids View Inn
A solid middle-ground choice with family-run vibes and one of the best rooftops in Giza. Rooms are comfortable and pyramid-facing suites are available at very reasonable prices.
Luxury: Marriott Mena House
An iconic heritage hotel just steps from the site. With lush gardens, a glamorous pool, and uninterrupted pyramid views from many rooms, it’s the top pick for travellers wanting to splurge. It’s also a favourite with diplomats and film crews.
World Locals Tip: If you’re staying overnight, time your dinner or drinks with the nightly Sound and Light Show — visible (and audible) from most rooftops in the area without paying for a ticket.
Cairo.
A visit to the Pyramids of Giza isn’t just a travel bucket list item — it’s a full-on encounter with one of humanity’s greatest achievements. From the staggering scale of the Great Pyramid to the quiet mystery of the Sphinx, this ancient wonder still manages to stop travellers in their tracks, even after 4,500 years.
But the magic of Giza lies in how you approach it. Come prepared, plan wisely, and be ready to say no when needed — and you’ll walk away with not just incredible photos, but a deeper appreciation for Egypt’s astonishing past. Whether you’re standing inside a tomb, riding a camel at golden hour, or sipping mint tea with the pyramids in view, it’s a moment that stays with you long after the dust has settled.
And if you’ve got time, go beyond the postcard. Saqqara, Dahshur, and the worker’s tombs offer a richer, more personal look at ancient Egypt’s hidden layers — far from the crowds, and just as jaw-dropping.
The pyramids may be ancient, but your experience doesn’t have to be basic. Think like a local, plan like a pro, and soak up every moment of this once-in-a-lifetime journey.
